Question:
I share Mobile 3G with my android tablet when I'm on the charter bus. Here comes the question:
I would like to know if there is a possibility to use the development environment of NodeJs/Phonegap/Cordova to develop on the tablet and emulate on the cell phone that I am sharing the 3G?
Answer:
I'm not sure I understand your question correctly, but if all your devices are on the same network (connected to your phone's 3g network in this case) you can run the app using the phonegap serve + phonegap app (you can download it on the apple or google store, depending on your platform).
Here is a video showing a little of the phonegap app. Just pay attention to the limitations that this feature offers.
There is no possibility of playing the app directly into a device without it being connected to the other via cable and the device used for development having the us drivers from the manufacturer.
EDIT
Setting up a Tablet > Mobile environment is not trivial and I believe it is not possible. You would have to install NODE on your device, that alone makes it more complicated since we don't have it available (I at least didn't find anything on the internet).
Another problem is the cloud IDE's that exist (eXo Plaform, codenvi, etc…) They can help a little, but they are very limited and I don't think they will suit you.
MY opinion
Well, I'll emphasize that this is my opinion: I don't really understand why you want to develop on a tablet, as they have few computing resources and have a bad interface to work with.
If you really need so much mobility, I recommend buying an ultra thin one, developing systems on phones, tablets and gadgets, and something even so limited as to be almost impossible.