Question:
Who can tell me how to improve PageSpeed
indicators. The project is small, in fact a landing page. I'm using gulp
build. Images are all optimized to the maximum, online optimizers do not compress more. I connect several scripts via cdn
. While they are not there, the result is good, as soon as I add them, the indicators fall by 73-76%. I want to achieve at least a green zone. When connecting locally plug-ins, the result is the same. Can someone suggest how to solve this problem?
Even if I slick
, it's still 76%. Only jquey & bootstrap downgrades like this
// Connect to head
<link type="image/png" href="./public/images/favicon.png" />
<link href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.3/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-MCw98/SFnGE8fJT3GXwEOngsV7Zt27NXFoaoApmYm81iuXoPkFOJwJ8ERdknLPMO" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/slick-carousel/1.9.0/slick.min.css" />
<link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/slick-carousel/1.9.0/slick-theme.min.css" />
<link href="./public/css/main.css">
// Connect at the bottom of the page, before </body>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.slim.min.js"></script>
<script defer src="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.3/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script defer src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/slick-carousel/1.9.0/slick.min.js"></script>
<script defer src="./public/js/matchHeight.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script defer src="./public/js/script.js"></script>
Answer:
I would advise you to optimize all static content on the site.
Graphics Compression
In your case, in addition to compressing styles and scripts, I advise you to compress graphics as well. For example, pictures can be easily compressed without loss of quality just by removing exif data. On a real site, you can reduce the size of images by an average of 70%, which is about 4 MB on a modern site. gulp
:
var
gulp = require('gulp'),
imagemin = require('gulp-imagemin'),
imageminJR = require('imagemin-jpeg-recompress'),
imageminSvgo = require('imagemin-svgo');
// Optimizing images
gulp.task('imagemin', function() {
gulp.src('./img/**/*')
.pipe(imagemin([
imageminJR({
method: 'ms-ssim'
}),
imageminSvgo({
plugins: [
{removeViewBox: false}
]
})
]))
.pipe(gulp.dest('./public/img/'))
});
And for browsers that understand the lightweight webp
format (a format developed by Google), you can also make this version of images:
var
gulp = require('gulp'),
webp = require('gulp-webp');
// Generate Webp
gulp.task('webp', function() {
gulp.src('./img/**/*')
.pipe(webp())
.pipe(gulp.dest('./public/img/'))
});
Script optimization
First, combine all the scripts into one file and minify them. This is a litter to reduce the number of HTTP requests and file size:
var
gulp = require('gulp'),
concat = require('gulp-concat'),
uglify = require('gulp-uglify');
// Concat JS
gulp.task('js', function(){
gulp.src([
'./js/jquery.js',
'./js/wow.js',
'./js/menu.js',
'./js/scrollspy.js',
'./js/main.js',
'./js/temp/contact.bundled.js',
'./js/owl.carousel.js'
])
.pipe(concat('script.js'))
.pipe(uglify())
.pipe(gulp.dest('./public/js/'))
});
Style Optimization
In addition to the usual minification of styles, you can also use the advanced one – combine duplicate classes and @media. gulp
from my [web-starter-kit][1]:
var
gulp = require('gulp'),
stylus = require('gulp-stylus'),
// Минифицирует CSS, объединяет классы. Не ломает CSS, в отличие от cssnano, который, к примеру, может неправильно выставлять z-index
csso = require('gulp-csso'),
// Объединяет все @media
cmq = require('gulp-combine-mq'),
// Сокращает CSS-селекторы
gs = require('gulp-selectors'),
// Проставляет вендорные префиксы
autoprefixer = require('gulp-autoprefixer'),
livereload = require('gulp-livereload'),
nib = require('nib');
// Compiling Stylus in CSS
gulp.task('css', function() {
gulp.src('./styl/*.styl')
.pipe(stylus({
use: nib()
}))
.pipe(cmq())
.pipe(csso())
.pipe(autoprefixer('last 3 versions'))
.pipe(gulp.dest('./public/css/'))
});
And if there is absolutely nothing to do, then you can also shorten the selectors:
// Minify selectors
gulp.task('gs', function() {
var ignores = {
classes: ['active', 'menu', 'nav', 'slide', 'error', 'form-control', 'loader', 'showLoader', 'fadeLoader', 'webp', 'wow', 'owl-*', 'i-*'],
ids: '*'
};
gulp.src(['./public/**/*.css', './public/**/*.html'])
.pipe(gs.run({}, ignores))
.pipe(gulp.dest('./public/'))
});
By the way, you probably have classes that are added via JS, so you should first put all such classes in the ignores
variable.
User side static caching
I would also advise you to cache scripts and styles on the user side to prevent them from being reloaded if they have not changed:
<FilesMatch ".(flv|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|ico|svg|swf|js|css|pdf|woff2|woff|ttf|eot)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=2592000"
</FilesMatch>
Data compression and transition to HTTP/2
A considerable advantage in optimization is the compression of transmitted data. There are currently two compression methods: gzip and brotli .
For Apache, you can enable gzip by piping in .htaccess
:
# сжатие text, html, javascript, css, xml:
<ifModule mod_deflate.c>
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html text/plain text/xml application/xml application/xhtml+xml text/css text/javascript application/javascript application/x-javascript
</ifModule>
The brotli algorithm will be slightly more efficient than gzip , but it can only be used with HTTP/2
, and HTTP/2
requires an SSL certificate to work. If you already have a certificate on your site, then switch to HTTP/2
immediately. In addition to supporting brotli , the protocol itself will make it possible to perform many requests within a single connection – static elements will be loaded in parallel and will not block each other, as happens in HTTP/1.1
.