Error getting the month in Spanish with strtotime PHP

Question:

My drawback is the following. I am transforming months to Spanish for example:

04 = April, 05 = May and so on.

I bring the date data from a table, in a date type field that brings me this 2018-04-22.

I divide that data into 3 with explode , because I have to show day, month and year, separately in a certificate.

But the value of the month I have to show it in letters and not in number, and for this I have done this function:

function FechaCastellano($date){
 $mes_ = date('F', strtotime($date));
 $_ES = array("Enero", "Febrero", "Marzo", "Abril", "Mayo", "Junio", "Julio", "Agosto", "Septiembre", "Octubre", "Noviembre", "Diciembre");
 $_EN = array("January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December");
 $nombreMes = str_replace($_EN, $_ES, $mes_);
 return $nombreMes;
}

The problem is that it is printing ENERO , and the month of the date is 04 , that is, April. I have echoed the $mes variable that I pass to the function here:

$mes_ES = FechaCastellano($mes);

and it does indeed contain an 04, and yet January is printing to me, and I don't really know why.

The variable $ month I get it from this:

$fecha_examen = explode("-",$funcion[$key]['fecha_examen']);
$dia = $fecha_examen[2];
$mes = $fecha_examen[1];
$year = $fecha_examen[0];

This is where I separate the date into 3 so that I can print each piece of data separately. But the problem is that it does not print the month that I am passing in numbers in letters.

Answer:

@DevJoel has given you the reason why the code does not work as expected.

Reading the exposed problem, I would create a utility clase (for my own library), and handle a DateTime object within it. Its flexibility would give a unique scope to this class, which could be used for other future things, such as translating the names of the days, a complete representation of the date, to your liking, etc.

Using the facilities offered by DateTime , the class could also incorporate previous validations of the string that it will receive as a parameter in the constructor. In short, an object itself that you can safely use in any of your applications.

This would be a simplified example of the class:

SEE DEMO

/* PHP: Fechas en castellano, clase utilitaria -  https://es.stackoverflow.com/q/158278/29967*/
class FechaEs {
    private $objFecha;
    private $M_es = array("Enero", "Febrero", "Marzo", "Abril", "Mayo", "Junio", "Julio", "Agosto", "Septiembre", "Octubre", "Noviembre", "Diciembre");
    private $M_en = array("January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December");
    private $D_es = array("Lunes", "Martes", "Miércoles", "Jueves", "Viernas", "Sábado", "Domingo");
    private $D_en = array("Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday", "Sunday");


    public function __construct($mFecha)
    {
            $this->objFecha=DateTime::createFromFormat('Y-m-d', $mFecha);
    }

    public function getDDDD()
    {
        $nombreDia=$this->objFecha->format('l');
        return str_replace($this->D_en,$this->D_es,$nombreDia);    
    }       

    public function getMM()
    {
        return $this->objFecha->format('m');    
    }

    public function getMMMM(){
        $nombreMes=$this->objFecha->format('F');
        return str_replace($this->M_en,$this->M_es,$nombreMes);    
    }

    public function getYYYY()
    {
        return $this->objFecha->format('Y');    
    }

    public function getYY()
    {
        return $this->objFecha->format('y');    
    }

}

Test code:

/*Probando la clase*/

$testFecha=new FechaEs("2018-04-22");
echo "Día (DDDD): ".$testFecha->getDDDD().PHP_EOL;
echo "Mes (MM)  : ".$testFecha->getMM().PHP_EOL;
echo "Mes (MMMM): ".$testFecha->getMMMM().PHP_EOL;
echo "Año (YYYY): ".$testFecha->getYYYY().PHP_EOL;
echo "Año (YY)  : ".$testFecha->getYY().PHP_EOL;

echo PHP_EOL;

$testFecha=new FechaEs("2018-08-22");
echo "Día (DDDD): ".$testFecha->getDDDD().PHP_EOL;
echo "Mes (MM)  : ".$testFecha->getMM().PHP_EOL;
echo "Mes (MMMM): ".$testFecha->getMMMM().PHP_EOL;
echo "Año (YYYY): ".$testFecha->getYYYY().PHP_EOL;
echo "Año (YY)  : ".$testFecha->getYY().PHP_EOL;

Result:

Día (DDDD): Domingo
Mes (MM)  : 04
Mes (MMMM): Abril
Año (YYYY): 2018
Año (YY)  : 18

Día (DDDD): Miércoles
Mes (MM)  : 08
Mes (MMMM): Agosto
Año (YYYY): 2018
Año (YY)  : 18
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